The Three Most Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
Generally speaking, it can be a nightmare to understand intricate issues regarding sexually transmitted infections. Our comprehensive booklet will give key information about three of the most common sexually transmitted infections: symptoms, forms of prevention, and that important question: could I have an STI?
08 October 2024
5 min read
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The Hidden Problem of Sexually Transmitted Infections
The mystery of STIs is perturbing, as not all of them have symptoms that may be visible. This hidden transmission means one can spread or contract an infection without knowing it. Therefore, testing becomes a very important frequent tool in proactive management of your sexual health.
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reports that there are approximately 20 million new STI cases every year in the US, which illustrates just how prevalent these infections are. The most prevalent include Herpes, Chlamydia, and Gonorrhea. This article sheds light on these infections, how to prevent them, and how to tell if you have an STI.
Common STI in the US: Herpes
Herpes is the most prevalent STD in America, and almost every sexually active individual gets it at one point in life.
Symptoms of Herpes
Herpes symptoms vary among individuals. Some may not experience symptoms, while others may have outbreaks like cold sores or genital herpes. Herpes can also be latent, showing no symptoms until lesions or blisters break out around the mouth or genital areas. Symptoms include:
Painful blisters around the genital or anal area, or around the mouth
Itching or tingling sensation in the affected areas
Methods of Preventing Herpes
Although there is no cure for Herpes, antiviral medication can help prevent outbreaks or shorten their duration. Practicing safer sex by using latex condoms may reduce the risk of transmission. However, Herpes can still be spread even when symptoms are not present.
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Chlamydia: The Most Frequently Reported STI in America
Chlamydia holds the title of the most frequently reported notifiable STI in the US. Notifiable STIs are those which health professionals are legally obligated to report to local health departments upon diagnosis. This reporting system aids local, state, and national agencies in tracking trends, thereby helping control future outbreaks.
Chlamydia is easily curable, but if left untreated, it can inflict permanent damage to a woman's reproductive system, leading to infertility or complications like ectopic pregnancy. Furthermore, Chlamydia can be passed from a mother to her newborn.
Often, Chlamydia carriers are asymptomatic, inadvertently spreading the infection. Those engaging in unprotected sex are at risk of contracting Chlamydia, with sexually active young individuals, particularly women, being at higher risk.
Chlamydia: The Most Commonly Reported STI in America
Chlamydia is the most common reported notifiable STI in the US. Notifiable STIs refer to those that health professionals are required by law to report to their local health departments when diagnosed.
Symptoms of Chlamydia
In men, symptoms may include:
Discharge from the penis
Burning during urination
Swollen, painful testicles
In women, symptoms may include:
A burning sensation while urinating
Abnormal vaginal discharge
Rectal symptoms may include:
Rectal pain
Discharge
Bleeding
Chlamydia Prevention Tips
Abstinence from vaginal, anal, and oral sex is the only sure way to prevent Chlamydia. Being in a monogamous relationship with a disease-free partner and consistently using condoms also reduces risk. Since Chlamydia is often symptom-free, discussing testing with your sexual partner is important.
Gonorrhea is the second most common reportable STI in the US. Though curable, it can cause serious medical complications if left untreated, such as increased risk of HIV infection and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) in women.
Symptoms of Gonorrhea
In men, symptoms may include:
Painful, burning urination
Swollen testicles
Yellow, white, or green discharge
In women, symptoms may include:
Painful, burning urination
Bleeding between menstrual periods
Increased vaginal discharge
Preventing Gonorrhea
Abstinence is the only certain way to avoid Gonorrhea. Consistent and correct use of latex condoms during sexual intercourse, or being in a mutually monogamous relationship, can reduce the risk.
If you experience any of the symptoms described above, it is best to seek immediate medical consultation. However, the absence of symptoms does not guarantee you are free from STIs, as many are asymptomatic. Regular testing is essential, especially for those at high risk of infection.
Understanding "Silent" STIs
Some STIs, such as Chlamydia, may be "silent" with no symptoms. Herpes can also remain hidden for weeks, months, or even years after initial infection, leading to unknowing transmission.
Which Persons Are at a Greater Risk of STIs?
Any sexually active person can be infected with STIs. However, young people aged 15-24 years, individuals with multiple sexual partners, and those engaging in unprotected sex are at greater risk.
Act Fast If You Think You Have an STI
If you suspect an STI, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly to prevent long-term health complications. Regular testing and early detection are key to effective management and treatment.
Sexual Health - Taking It Seriously
Sexual health is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle. Awareness of common STIs, their symptoms, and preventive measures helps individuals protect themselves and others. Abstinence is the most effective prevention, but practical measures include vaccination, regular testing, open communication with partners, and consistent condom use.
Informed choices and regular check-ups are vital to maintain sexual health and prevent the spread of STIs. If you have concerns about STIs, reach out to a healthcare professional for advice on testing and protection strategies.
STDs are common diseases that can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person. Most STDs present symptoms in the form of skin rashes. Understanding the type and characteristics of th
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